Dolley Madison, the wife of the fourth President of the United States, is famously known for saving a portrait of George Washington from the White House during the War of 1812. However, there is another painting that she saved that is often overlooked. In this article, we will explore the lesser-known painting and the circumstances surrounding its rescue.
The White House and its Art Collection
The White House, the official residence of the President of the United States, is not only a symbol of political power but also a repository of American art history. Its impressive collection of paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts spans from the 18th century to the present day. The White House art collection, which is owned by the American people, includes works by famous artists such as Gilbert Stuart, John Singer Sargent, and Georgia O’Keeffe, among others.
The Burning of Washington
The White House, like many other historical buildings in America, has faced its share of crises and challenges. One of the most dramatic events in its history occurred during the War of 1812, when British troops set fire to the building. The incident, known as the Burning of Washington, was a significant blow to the young nation and its capital. Many of the public buildings, including the White House, were destroyed or damaged in the attack.
Dolley Madison’s Heroic Act
One of the most remarkable stories to emerge from the Burning of Washington is the heroic act of Dolley Madison, the wife of President James Madison. Dolley is remembered for her quick thinking and bravery in saving a valuable painting from the White House collection as British troops approached.
Portrait of George Washington
The painting that Dolley Madison saved was a portrait of George Washington, the first President of the United States, by the artist Gilbert Stuart. The portrait, which was commissioned by Martha Washington, had hung in the White House since the time of its construction. It was not only a beautiful work of art but also a symbol of the American Revolution and the birth of the nation.
The Escape
On August 24, 1814, as British troops were advancing towards Washington, Dolley Madison received word that the President had left the city to inspect troops in Maryland. She realized that she was responsible for protecting the White House and its treasures. Dolley quickly organized the staff to gather as many important documents and artifacts as possible and load them onto wagons to be taken out of harm’s way.
The Last Thing to Leave
Despite her efforts, there was one item that Dolley was determined to save, even if it meant risking her life. As the British approached, she ordered that the portrait of George Washington be taken down from the wall and removed from its frame. However, the painting was too large to be taken out of the building through the doors.
A Dramatic Rescue
With the British troops just blocks away, Dolley Madison made the brave decision to have the painting cut out of its frame and rolled up for transport. She and several others then carried the painting out of the White House and loaded it onto a waiting carriage. The painting survived the war and remains one of the most cherished works of art in the White House collection.
The Importance of Art in American Culture
The story of Dolley Madison’s heroic act in saving the portrait of George Washington during the Burning of Washington is a testament to her bravery and patriotism. It is also a reminder of the importance of art and culture in our national heritage. The White House art collection, which includes the portrait of George Washington, is a symbol of our country’s history and values, and it is important that we continue to preserve and protect it for future generations.
Art has always played a significant role in American culture, reflecting our history, values, and aspirations. American art reflects the diversity of our nation, and it includes works by artists from all backgrounds and traditions. From the early portraits of the founding fathers to the contemporary works of artists such as Kehinde Wiley and Amy Sherald, American art has been a reflection of our society and its changing values.
Art is not only a reflection of our culture but also a driver of change. Art has the power to challenge our assumptions, provoke our emotions, and inspire us to action. Throughout history, artists have used their work to raise awareness of social and political issues, from the Civil Rights Movement to the Black Lives Matter movement.
FAQs for the topic: what painting did Dolley Madison save
Who was Dolley Madison and why is she famous?
Dolley Madison was an American First Lady who served from 1809 to 1817. She was married to James Madison, the fourth president of the United States. She is best known for her role in shaping the social and political life of Washington, D.C., during her husband’s presidency, and for her heroic efforts during the War of 1812.
What happened during the War of 1812?
During the War of 1812, the British invaded Washington, D.C., and set fire to several buildings, including the White House. As the British approached the city, Dolley Madison was advised to leave immediately, but she refused to abandon the valuable items in the President’s Mansion. She ordered the staff to take down and save the iconic painting of George Washington by Gilbert Stuart, as well as other valuable items.
What painting did Dolley Madison save from the burning White House?
Dolley Madison is famous for saving the portrait of George Washington by Gilbert Stuart. The painting was considered to be one of the most valuable items in the White House at the time. The painting is now part of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Portrait Gallery collection.
How did Dolley Madison manage to save the painting?
As the British were advancing towards the city, Dolley Madison ordered the staff to take down and save as much of the valuable items in the President’s Mansion as possible. When they were unable to remove the painting from its frame, Dolley Madison decided to have the frame broken, so that she could roll up and save the painting. She managed to escape with the painting moments before the British arrived at the White House.
Why is Dolley Madison’s act of heroism during the War of 1812 celebrated?
Dolley Madison’s act of heroism during the War of 1812 is celebrated because it demonstrated her courage, determination, and patriotism. She refused to abandon the valuable items in the President’s Mansion, risking her own safety to save them. Her actions also symbolized the American people’s determination to preserve their national heritage, even under extreme circumstances. Dolley Madison’s heroism during the War of 1812 has become a source of inspiration for generations of Americans.
